in which you formerly walked according to the course of this world, according to the ruler of the authority of the air, the spirit now working in the sons of disobedience, among whom also we all formerly lived in the desires of our flesh, doing the will[a] of the flesh and of the mind, and we were children of wrath[b] by nature, as also the rest of them were.

But God, being rich in mercy, because of his great love with which he loved us,

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Footnotes

  1. Ephesians 2:3 Or “desires”
  2. Ephesians 2:3 This phrase is a Semitic idiom which can mean either (1) “children characterized by wrath” or (2) “children destined for wrath”